The analysis of Sino-Russian scientific and technological cooperation in the context of integrating digital technologies with the real economy is determined by the strategic importance of bilateral cooperation for the technological development of both countries in the formation of a multipolar architecture of the world economy. This study is based on a comprehensive approach, including a comparative analysis of scientific and technological development indicators between China and Russia, a statistical analysis of bilateral trade and scientific cooperation data for 2020–2024, and a content analysis of strategic documents and the regulatory framework. The empirical basis is comprised of Chinese customs statistics, materials from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, and reports from the World Intellectual Property Organization. An increase in trade turnover between the countries was established, which maintained positive dynamics despite global economic challenges. The key scientific result of the study is the identification of a qualitative transformation in cooperation: its core is shifting from commodity trade to joint high-tech projects. The study demonstrates that deepening scientific and technological cooperation with China, based on its powerful research and commercial potential, is a crucial area for diversifying and ensuring the technological sovereignty of the Russian economy. The conclusion is that the integration of digital technologies with the real economy is shaping a new paradigm for bilateral cooperation based on a public-private partnership model and the creation of joint innovation ecosystems.
